Scientists have identified gut bacteria with an enzyme that transforms artery-clogging cholesterol into a harmless form, potentially offering treatments for high cholesterol. Published in Cell, the study led by Ramnik Xavier at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered three bacterial species capable of metabolizing cholesterol. While promising, the impact on blood cholesterol levels in animals or humans remains unconfirmed. The innovative method utilized a deep-learning algorithm to uncover genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Though hurdles exist, including challenges in delivering beneficial bacteria, this research opens avenues for managing cholesterol levels, potentially reducing reliance on medications like statins in the future.