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Latest Research Trends (01 Nov 2024)

High protection and transmission-blocking immunity elicited by single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in hamsters

These authors contributed equally: Martin Joseph Lett, Fabian Otte, npj Vaccines volume 9, Article number: 206 (2024), Switzerland

While vaccines have played a central role in combating the COVID-19 pandemic, newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants are increasingly evading first-generation vaccine protection. To address this challenge, we designed “single-cycle infection SARS-CoV-2 viruses” (SCVs) that lack essential viral genes, possess distinctive immune-modulatory features, and exhibit an excellent safety profile in the Syrian hamster model.

Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation for Cardiovascular Health

Journal: Journal of Biomedical Science

Author: Biomedical researchers, USA

Researchers found that electrical stimulation in the lumbosacral spine region significantly raised blood pressure in patients with chronic spinal injuries, offering a potential life-improving intervention without invasive procedures.

Discovery of CmdTAC, a Novel Bacterial Antiviral Defense System Targeting mRNA

npj Vaccines, Lett, M.J., Otte, F., Hauser, D. et al.

Our findings demonstrate a novel antiviral defense mechanism where CmdC detects viral infection by sensing capsid proteins, triggering a cascade where newly synthesized capsid proteins cause CmdC to dissociate from the CmdTAC complex, leading to CmdA degradation and release of CmdT ADP-ribosyltransferase, which uniquely modifies GA dinucleotides in single-stranded RNAs rather than traditional targets, ultimately arresting mRNA translation and viral replication.

Acanthamoeba polyphaga de novo transcriptome and its dynamics during Mimivirus infection

Reut Bickels Nuri Scientific Reports volume 14, Article number: 25894 (2024), Israel

Using long- and short-read sequencing, researchers analyzed the new transcriptome (22,604 transcripts, 13,043 genes) of Acanthamoeba, an opportunistic pathogen, and tracked changes during Mimivirus infection.
During the infection process, while host genes related to cytoskeleton homeostasis and DNA were downregulated, genes associated with transcription and secretory pathways were upregulated, and Mimivirus showed different gene expression patterns according to infection stages, including DNA replication and lipid metabolism.